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前言
单片机的ROM与RAM存贮空间有限,一般没有多线程可用,给复杂的单片机项目带来困扰。经过多年的单片机项目实践,借鉴windows消息机制的思想,编写了单片机多任务事件驱动C代码,应用于单片机项目,无论复杂的项目,还是简单的项目,都可以达到优化代码架构的目的。经过几轮的精简、优化,现在分享给大家。
设计思路
代码分为3个模块:任务列表、事件列表、定时器列表。
任务列表创建一个全局列表管理任务,通过调用taskCreat()创建事件处理任务,创建成功返回任务ID,任务列表、事件列表与定时器列表通过任务ID关联。
事件列表创建一个全局循环列表管理事件,调用taskEventIssue()生成一个事件,放到事件循环列表,taskEventLoop()函数放到主线程循环调用,当事件循环列表中有事件时,根据任务ID分发到具体的事件处理任务。
定时器列表创建一个全局列表管理定时器,taskTimer()建立一个定时器,放到定时器列表执行,当定时时间到,会生成一个定时器事件,放到事件列表,分发到具体的事件处理任务。
代码例程:
- //common.h
- #ifndef __COMMON_H
- #define __COMMON_H
- #include "stdio.h"
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <string.h>
- typedef short int16_t;
- typedef int int32_t;
- typedef long long int64_t;
- typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
- typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
- typedef unsigned int uint32_t;
- typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
- typedef unsigned char bool;
- #define false 0
- #define true 1
- #endif // __COMMON_H
复制代码- //task.h
- #ifndef _THREAD_H
- #define _THREAD_H
- #define TASK_MAX 20 // 最多任务数量
- #define TASK_EVENT_MAX 100 // 任务队列长度
- #define TASK_TIMER_MAX 100 // 定时器最大数量
- typedef void (*CBTaskEvent)(int taskID,uint32_t eventID);
- typedef struct _TASK_EVENT
- {
- int taskID;
- uint32_t eventID;
- } TASK_EVENT;
- int taskCreat(CBTaskEvent task);
- void taskLoop();
- void taskEventIssue(int taskID,uint32_t eventID);
- void taskEventLoop();
- //定时、休眠
- typedef struct _TASK_TIMER
- {
- bool isValid;
- int taskID;
- uint32_t eventID;
- uint32_t timeMs;
- uint32_t start;
- } TASK_TIMER;
- void taskTicksInc();
- void taskTimer(int taskID,uint32_t eventID,uint32_t time_ms);
- void taskTimerLoop();
- #endif // _THREAD_H
复制代码- //task.c
- #include "common.h"
- #include "task.h"
- CBTaskEvent g_taskList[TASK_MAX]={0};
- int taskFindEmpty()
- {
- static int index = -1;
- for(int i=0; i<TASK_MAX; i++)
- {
- index++;
- index %= TASK_MAX;
- if(g_taskList[index]==NULL)
- {
- return index;
- }
- }
- return -1;
- }
- int taskCreat(CBTaskEvent task)
- {
- int taskID;
- taskID=taskFindEmpty();
- if(taskID == -1)
- {
- printf("error:task list is full!\n");
- return -1;
- }
- g_taskList[taskID] = task;
- printf("creat task<%d>\n",taskID);
- return taskID;
- }
- void taskDestroy(int taskID)
- {
- printf("Destroy task<%d>\n",taskID);
- g_taskList[taskID] = NULL;
- }
- void taskLoop()
- {
- taskEventLoop();
- taskTimerLoop();
- }
- TASK_EVENT g_taskEventList[TASK_EVENT_MAX];
- int g_TKEventWrite=0;
- int g_TKEventRead=0;
- int tkEventGetSize()
- {
- return (g_TKEventWrite + TASK_EVENT_MAX - g_TKEventRead)% TASK_EVENT_MAX;
- }
- void taskEventIssue(int taskID,uint32_t eventID)
- {
- int writePos;
- if(taskID >= TASK_EVENT_MAX || taskID < 0)
- {
- printf("taskEventIssue() error:taskID\n");
- return;
- }
- writePos = (g_TKEventWrite + 1)% TASK_EVENT_MAX;
- if(writePos == g_TKEventRead)
- {
- printf("taskEventIssue() error:task<%d> event list is full!\n",taskID);
- return;
- }
- g_taskEventList[g_TKEventWrite].taskID=taskID;
- g_taskEventList[g_TKEventWrite].eventID=eventID;
- g_TKEventWrite=writePos;
- //printf("add event:%x\n",eventID);
- }
- void taskEventLoop()
- {
- TASK_EVENT event;
- CBTaskEvent task;
- int size;
- size=tkEventGetSize();
- while(size-- >0)
- {
- event=g_taskEventList[g_TKEventRead];
- g_TKEventRead = (g_TKEventRead + 1)% TASK_EVENT_MAX;
- task = g_taskList[event.taskID];
- if(!task)
- {
- printf("taskEventLoop() error:task is NULL\n");
- continue;
- }
- task(event.taskID,event.eventID);
- }
- }
- // 定时、休眠
- uint32_t g_taskTicks=0;
- uint32_t getTaskTicks()
- {
- return g_taskTicks;
- }
- void taskTicksInc() // 1ms时间基准
- {
- g_taskTicks++;
- }
- uint32_t taskTickDiff(uint32_t now,uint32_t last)
- {
- uint64_t diff;
- diff = now + 0x100000000 - last;
- return (diff & 0xffffffff);
- }
- TASK_TIMER g_taskTimerList[TASK_TIMER_MAX]={0};
- int taskTimerFindEmpty()
- {
- for(int i=0; i<TASK_TIMER_MAX; i++)
- {
- if(!g_taskTimerList[i].isValid)
- {
- return i;
- }
- }
- return -1;
- }
- void taskTimer(int taskID,uint32_t eventID,uint32_t time_ms)
- {
- int index;
- index=taskTimerFindEmpty();
- if(index==-1)
- {
- printf("taskTimer() error:timer list is full\n");
- return;
- }
- g_taskTimerList[index].taskID=taskID;
- g_taskTimerList[index].eventID=eventID;
- g_taskTimerList[index].timeMs=time_ms;
- g_taskTimerList[index].start=getTaskTicks();
- g_taskTimerList[index].isValid=true;
- printf("add timer:<%d,%x> %ums\n",taskID,eventID,time_ms);
- }
- void taskTimerLoop()
- {
- static uint32_t start=0;
- if(taskTickDiff(getTaskTicks(),start)<3)
- {
- return;
- }
- start=getTaskTicks();
- for(int i=0; i<TASK_TIMER_MAX; i++)
- {
- if(g_taskTimerList[i].isValid)
- {
- if(taskTickDiff(start,g_taskTimerList[i].start)>=g_taskTimerList[i].timeMs)
- {
- taskEventIssue(g_taskTimerList[i].taskID,g_taskTimerList[i].eventID);
- g_taskTimerList[i].isValid=false;
- }
- }
- }
- }
复制代码- //test_task.h
- #ifndef _TEST_THREAD_H
- #define _TEST_THREAD_H
- void testInit();
- void testLoop();
- #endif //
复制代码- //test_task.c
- #include "common.h"
- #include "task.h"
- #define CTRL_EVENT1 0x01
- #define CTRL_EVENT2 0x02
- #define CTRL_EVENT3 0x04
- void eventProcess(int taskID,uint32_t event)
- {
- switch(event)
- {
- case CTRL_EVENT1:
- printf("task[%d] CTRL_EVENT1\n",taskID);
- //taskEventIssue(taskID,CTRL_EVENT2);
- taskTimer(taskID,CTRL_EVENT2,1000);
- break;
- case CTRL_EVENT2:
- printf("task[%d] CTRL_EVENT2\n",taskID);
- //taskEventIssue(taskID,CTRL_EVENT3);
- taskTimer(taskID,CTRL_EVENT3,2000);
- break;
- case CTRL_EVENT3:
- printf("task[%d] CTRL_EVENT3\n",taskID);
- taskTimer(taskID,CTRL_EVENT1,4000);
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
- }
- void testLoop()
- {
- taskLoop();
- }
- void testInit()
- {
- int taskID1,taskID2;
- printf("testInit()\n");
- taskID1 = taskCreat((CBTaskEvent)&eventProcess);
- taskTimer(taskID1,CTRL_EVENT1,5000);
- taskID2 = taskCreat((CBTaskEvent)&eventProcess);
- taskEventIssue(taskID2,CTRL_EVENT2);
- taskDestroy(taskID1);
- taskDestroy(taskID2);
- //taskEventIssue(taskID1,CTRL_EVENT1);
- taskID1 = taskCreat((CBTaskEvent)&eventProcess);
- taskEventIssue(taskID1,CTRL_EVENT1);
- }
复制代码
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